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The Four Evils - List

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The four evils or debilitating functions are described in Buddhist scriptures as afflicting practitioners and obstructing their practice.

The Four Evils - ListThe Four Evils - ListThe Four Evils - ListThe Four Evils - List
The Four Evils - List

The Sanskrit word māra means evil, obstacle, killing, death, or pestilence. Together with the three obstacles of earthly desires, karma, and retribution, the four evils are also sometimes referred to as three obstacles.
Mara was best known for his part in the historical Buddha s enlightenment. This story came to be mythologized as a great battle with Mara, whose name means destruction and who represents the passions that snare and delude us.
Whenever you see a wrathful Buddhist representation with four fangs, you can know that these represent the wrathful figures ability to overcome the four evils.

The Four Evils

01. The afflictions (klesha-māra).

The evil of earthly desires, hindrances arising from earthly desires.

02. Aggregates (skandha-māra).

The evil of the five components, or hindrances arising from the five components of life;

03. Death (mrityu-māra).

The evil of death, the hindrance arising from the death of oneself or another practitioner.

04. Demi-god (devaputra-māra).

The heavenly evil, hindrances attributed to the workings of the devil king of the sixth heaven.

Synonyms/tags: mara, maras, the four devils, the three obstacles




Or, per your interest, look at other related links;

  The five klesha.
  The five skandhas.
  The three roots of evil.

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