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The Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism - List

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According to Jains, the Universe is made up of six simple and eternal substances called dravya.

The Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism - ListThe Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism - ListThe Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism - ListThe Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism - List
The Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism - List

The dravya are broadly categorized under Jiva (Living Substances) and Ajiva (Non Living Substances), see the list below.
The universe is eternal, matter and souls being equally uncreated.
By their actions, souls accumulate karma, which is understood to be a kind of matter, and that accumulation draws them back into a body after death. Hence, all souls have undergone an infinite number of previous lives, and with the exception of those who win release from the bondage of karma will continue to reincarnate, each new life determined by the kind and amount of karma accumulated. Release is achieved by purging the soul of all karma, good and bad.
The moral life, then, is in part the life devoted to breaking attachments to the world, including attachments to sensual enjoyment.

The Six Fundamental Elements of the Universe in Jainism

01. Soul. (Jiva).

Opposite to matter. Cannot be perceived by the senses. Manifests as Consciousness and Knowledge Infinite in number. There are Liberated (pure) and embodied souls. Embodied souls undergo continual birth and death.

02. Matter. (Pudgala).

Made of atoms (paramanus), are endless and subject to continuous composition and decomposition. Characterized by shape, touch, taste, smell, colour, sound and heat.

03. Motion. (Dharma).

Dharma forms the condition of motion for soul and matter. It exists, pervading the whole cosmos, It is formless, inactive, eternal and is the object of knowledge only for the omniscient.

04. Stop. (Adharma).

Adharma forms the condition of rest for soul and matter. It exists pervading the whole cosmos. It is formless inactive, eternal, and is the object of knowledge only for the omniscient.

05. Space. (Akasha).

Space contains and accommodates all souls matters and other substances.

06. Time. (Kala).

Time has an atom like constitution. Time is connected by its eternity and singularity with other substances but is separated from them as it is non spatial. It helps the other substances to undergo changes and transformations.

Synonyms/tags: dravya




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