01. Expedient means or skill in means.
The methods adopted to instruct people and lead them to enlightenment. Expedient means are skilfully devised and employed by Buddhas and bodhisattvas to lead the people to salvation.
02. Power.
Higher accomplishments require leadership, powers, and positive influence.
03. Resolve, persistence or determination.
Being resolved on renunciation, on freedom from ill-will, on harmlessness, this is called right resolve.
04. Gnosis or knowledge.
Liberation or salvation can be achieved by a liberating insight, namely gnosis or jnana.